There has been lots of misconception about the crop circles and I must say that crop circles are a big question mark for the scientists as well as astrologers. Some of them are finding the reasons to prove them wrong and some of them are willing to prove it right. But the dilemmas stands in front of all the people and that are how we can prove them write or wrong. We have not been able to find the exact reasons for the crop circles even today and all of us are quiet eager to know the truth about them.

Everybody including the scientists are quiet confused and all of them are trying to point out one good reason for the crop circles. Either it is the electromagnetic theory or it is the UFO theory or even takes the leylines theory, what is important about these all is that all of them are still a theory and none of then has been given the status of law.

The first crop circles were sighted in the year 1880 in England. You should also keep in mind that the ley line theory was quiet famous in England. Hence they really believed that it is all due to the ley lines. But many of the philosophers believe that this was due to the UFO and in fact the aliens. I really feel that the aliens were their belief. They definitely believed in the aliens. The scientists however never gave the green signal to the alien theory.

I definitely feel that the crop circles are quiet a mystery. Ever since the men were able to sight it, they were all taken by surprise. Hence they decided that they have to do something to know the reason. However they had to wait for the airplane to be discovered. They really were able to get the clear picture when they flew on the plane. This really proved that this was something else. The electromagnetic field theory proved that they were due to the eddy current. This was the belief of the scientists.

You should definitely note down that the philosophers believe in the other way. They felt that this was the work of the aliens and not the eddy current. But when the scientists started their effort to find the reasons then none of them succeed. They all were taken aback and I must tell you that this was a heart break for all the astrologers as well as the philosophers. The dispute between the scientist’s theory as well as the philosophers had still not ended and all of them from both the sides are trying very hard to find the exact reason.

Crop circles are still a mystery. Most of the people think that these are the signs of the UFO but many others feel that they are not. But the question arises that have anyone actually seen such aircrafts flying in the sky ever. The history suggests that the many of the people have pretended to see such aircraft. But most of them have not been able to give the proofs. The question arises that what the UFO is doing then. This is really a funny question about the UFO. However we all encourage the UFO to continue its good job. As far as the crop circles are concerned I must tell you that the UFO employees are still confused about it.

They saw the first crop circles in the year 1880 and since then they have definitely not been able to define the exact nature of these crop circle. One can only say that the mystery of the crop circle is still unknown. Not many people have seen crop circles but who ever has seen is quiet astonished. There are also lots of changes in everything that is related to the crop circles. The plant which grows in this area has blown nodes. This is really the proof that crop circles bring with it the genetic disorder. And you will not find better example than this.

Lots of question has been put up and most of the people have decided to link all this with the UFO and the aliens. Even I would be quiet interested to know that is their any link between the alien and the crop circles. The children are really quiet eager always to read about the aliens. Most of the children books contain the matter related to the aliens.

In fact the aliens are quiet popular among the children. They love seeing their super heroes like superman, batman fighting with some aliens.

The crops as well as the people living around then crop circles are badly affected by the crop circles. The electromagnetic theory really proves that there is a sort of the eddy current which is generated due to the earth’s electromagnetic field. This eddy current is responsible for the crop circles.

As far as I am concerned I really like the UFO theory. The UFO theories as well as the hoax theory are the two theories which are quiet popular. But is the reality still known? This is a very big question mark and I must say that the research is still on. The scientist from all around the world are engaged in so many researches that they we are quiet sure that we will soon find the exact reason for crop circle.

The crop circle is a mysterious pattern which can be seen in different parts of the world. I really feel that the crop circles are one of the proofs that aliens do visit the earth on many occasions. But some of the crop circles are man made as well. This does not mean that all of the crop circles are being made by the man. We have certain proof that the alien do visit the earth and in fact they are present in the universe somewhere where they are living from millions of years.

The first time the crop circle was being witness was in England and this happened in the year 1880. I really feel that this was a great discovery. However the actual discovery of the crop circle took place when airplane was invented. Since then the astrology as well as naval department has shown many photographs of such crop circles. But the myths still persist. Many people say that these are the result of the meteorological events. Some of the meteors must have strike the earth surface sometime and that must have created the pattern.

Some other astrologers feel other way. They feel that these are the signs of the various aircrafts through which the aliens might have come on earth. They really feel that the there are certain aliens in the universe who are responsible for these crop circles. But the scientists have always opposed this incident. They really think that the aliens are not present in the universe and these crop circles are the outcome of the meteors striking the earth’s surface. But this is not the truth. And this is not really my statement. This is the statement of the astrologers and the general public. They feel hard that these are the signs of the aircrafts on which the aliens are used to visit the earth.

And if this is the truth then it is quiet true that they are much more powerful than us. And we still not know that what their intentions are. I really feel that they are doing some research on us. But why are they hiding. Do they fear that if we will come to know about it then we will not let them live or they are our future. Is it so that they have the time machine and with the help of this time machine they are able to move to the past and that are we living in the 211st century.

Is it so that they are from the 24th century and they are trying the same thing which we are trying to do with the Ida. We are so excited about Ida that we have started calling it the 8th wonder of the world. What ever might be the case the research is still on?

The well known natural satellite is moon. It is earth natural satellite and is fifth largest natural satellite present in the solar system. Except the information of Earth, knowledge of the moon is much more than any other celestial body in the Solar System. The information which was uncertain about moon was revealed in the modern age and many secret came out which were hidden in the past like it was assumed that Moon is less dense than Earth, this fact was believed for one century.

Detail Structure of Moon

• The distance of moon from the earth ground is calculated to be 384,403 kilometers. The diameter of moon is approximately 3,476 kilometers. Moon is satellite of earth thus it revolves around the earth and completes its revolution and rotation in time period of 27 days, 7 hours, and 43 minutes.
• The gravity on the moon is calculated to be one- sixth of the earth’s gravity. A man whose weight is measured to be 180 pound force on the earth would be measured only of 30 force pound on the moon, where 4.45 Newton is equivalent to one pound force.

Landings on the Moon

1. Moon is only the body in the whole Solar System where man had landed many times. Soviet Union’s Luna 1 was the first artificial spacecraft which touched the moon vicinity. Luna 2 was first object that crash the surface of moon and was launched by Soviet Union. The photographs of moon were acquired by Luna 3 during 1959. These photographs showed far side of the moon. Thus in 1966, Luna 9 and Luna 10 successfully reached the surface of moon.
2. Many countries have planned with man landings on moon till year 2020.
3. Neil Armstrong was the first man who landed on the surface of moon in 1969. Then under Apollo mission 11, Edwin Aldrin was the second man to land on the Moon surface. As the result it was said that there is no effects of atmosphere. Radio waves were used to communicate while completing the mission as sound waves requires the medium of air to travel. The sky of the moon remains always black as diffraction of light requires an atmosphere.
4. It is concluded that very small but real liberations are caused by gravity of Sun and eccentricity of Earth’s orbit and hence the orbit of moon got disturbed.

Thus many other discoveries are growing for finding more information about moon.

Meteoroids are smaller than asteroids. Meteoroids are rocks floating in the space. Meteoroids burn up in the atmosphere and falls on the earth surface as dust. It is stated that approximately 3000 metric tons of dust falls to Earth daily due to phenomenon of meteoroids. Meteoroids are outer space bodies and they revolve round the Sun with different orbits and at different speeds. They are regarded as meteor as they enter the atmosphere of Earth and when they strike earth they are meteorite. Range of size of meteoroids varies from a tiny particle to the size of grapes. Collectively meteoroids form Zodiacal cloud and weight of this Zodiacal cloud is about 10 trillion tons.

Meteoroids can move fastest at the rate of 42 kilometers per second. Before hitting the earth surface they blow for few seconds and can be seen on dark nights.

Classification of Meteorites

• It is very hard to classify meteorites but now they are divided into three categories in order to understand them better. There are three groupings made as stony, stony iron, iron. Stony meteorites are found in large number. Thus stony meteorites are considered to be unspoiled part of solar system matter which got improved by thermal metamorphism or icy alteration. Most of stony meteorites are believed to be formed inside the solar system which contains unmanageable elements.
• Normally stony meteorite contains explosive and oxidized elements and it is assumed that these meteorites got originated from asteroids belt.
• Meteorites having maximum amount of explosive elements are thought to be originated at greater distances in solar system and hence they are called Carbonaceous Chondrites.

Amazing facts about Meteorites

1. Many scientists had estimated the number of meteorites falling on the earth to be 100 every year and most of them are very small. Small meteorites have been recognized as rocks of moon.
2. An incident occurred in 1954, when Ann Hodges of Sylacauga, Alabama got injured by meteorite of 19.84 which felled on roof of their home.
3. The Barringer Meteorite Crater near Winslow is believed to be formed collision of meteorite and its weight is calculated to be 300000 ton.
4. Hoba is the largest known meteorite whose weight is estimated to be 66 tons.
5. In 1992, largest single meteorite is found in United States and is of 15 tons it is made of iron.

Thus meteorites are small pieces of rock and continuously fall on the Earth Surface.

Robotic spacecraft carries no man with it as the name indicates it is controlled by the remote. Robotic spacecraft is especially designed for the collecting ideas from outer space and thus it is known as space probe. Space mission are done by using robotic spacecraft rather than crewed operation. Robotic spacecraft are safer and cost is low while installing such spacecraft. Some planetary objectives such as Venus and near to Jupiter are unfriendly or unfavorable for survival of any man hence robotic spacecraft are best option for exploring these areas.

Sometime the distance also matters for usage robotic spacecraft. Planets like Saturn, Neptune and Uranus are very far from earth and robotic spacecraft is only the way to explore these planets.

History of Spacecraft

1. First artificial satellite was put in earth orbit was Sputnik 1 on 4 October 1957 . Weight of Sputnik 1, was recorded as 83.6 kg. It was put into the earth orbit by Soviet Union. Sputnik 2 was launched on 3 November 1957 by Soviet Union and it carried a female dog into the space.  Weight of Sputnik 2 was calculated to be 508.3 kg.
2. First successful space probe Explorer 1 was launched by United States on 31 January 1958. Weight of this artificial satellite was less than both previous satellite Sputnik 1 and Sputnik 2. Explorer 1 sensed that there is narrow band of radiation surrounding the earth. This was named after the scientist whose equipments detected it as Van Allen belts.
3. France (1965), Japan (1970), China (1970), the United Kingdom (1971), India (1981) and Israel (1988) were only the six countries who got successful in launching their space mission.
4. European Space Agency carried out relatively fewer space exploration mission in past than any other country. Giotto mission accounted for the comet named Halley’s Comet. European Space Agency had launched many interplanetary spacecraft such as Rosetta space probe, Mars Express, Venus Express in recent years.

Robotic spacecraft are usually remotely-controlled but the earliest orbital spacecraft Sputnik 1 and Explorer 1 did not receive control signals from Earth. With the advanced technology and better equipments these spacecraft were developed allocate control from the Earth. Cassini-Huygens and the Mars Exploration Rovers are highly self-governed and use on-board computers which enable them to operate independently for extended periods of time.

Thus robotic spacecraft play important role in the space missions and are highly advanced spacecraft for finding evidences from outer space.

Crop circles are the style patterns which are shaped by the annihilation of the crops. Such designs are created by wheat, barley, soy, com, rye. Alien crop circle is geometric or indefinable design pattern created by the pulling down of crops. Crops are broken at the base and disheveled in a discrete pattern. Crops are bent at join points and twisted in a detached pattern.

First crop circle was acknowledged in 17 century. Gradually many more crop circles were noticed all over the world. Especially in England many crop circles became popular in 1970.

Recent Facts about Crop Circles

• Year 2006 was a noticeable drop in occurrence of crop circle. There was drop of 39 percent of crop circles from last decade. There were only 47 circles that appeared between May 21 and August 15. All of these crop circles that appeared in 2006 took place at non- traditional locations.
• Locations were Wiltshire, Oxford Hampshire and East Sussex. No crop circle occurred at traditional locations such as Somerset, Bristol, and Yorkshire.
• Formation of crop circle continued close to the Neolithic stone circles like Avebury and near to ancient scared paths. Wiltshire and Oxford consist of total of eleven crop circle formations which were near to a 5000 year old track, Ridgeway. Five other formations in Kent were closest to Pilgrim way.

During 2006, there was no explanation as in 1999 there were 150 circles which were noticed in Wiltshire in England. Many crop circle formations symbols have matched Mayan glyphs.

Crop circles formations globally

1. Germany had 20 crop circle formations during 2006. Poland had 13 whereas Belgium had 11 and United States had total 14 among which 10 are only considered as genuine.
2. Switzerland had six which was equal in number with Netherlands and France had 5 crop circle formations and in Canada the number was three.
3. In Some countries only one formation was noticed. These countries include Hungary, Finland, Australia, Croatia, Slovenia, and the Czechs.

Thus crop circles had always been in the fame throughout the world. Many assumptions were made with the time and now they are regarded as formation created by flattening of crops.

Crop circles are the patterns made by flattening of crops like wheat, com, barely etc. The patterns are formed in irregular and geometric shapes. Crop circle acquired under lot of arguments about their cause of formation but some of the crop circles are informed to be made by people. Thus proves that crop circles are natural phenomenon but man is skilled enough to explore his talent in forming such patterns.

Steps for making Crop Circles

• Firstly choose the location for enhancing your skills take the permission from owner of the land if you want to choose other location than your land. Best choice is to execute the plan on sloped field or a valley and near to public road.
• Use large scale area which could be beneficial for you in accessing and would be clearly visible to visitors.
• Use straight line or circle line to form the design. Mark the suitable area on the map which you need to flatten. With the help of computer draw different design before practically executing it on the field. Take the help of various designs by accessing internet.
• It is better to chose simple design if you are not experienced.
• Things required are marking pole, a huge ball of rope, measuring tape and protector for measuring angles and light garden roller.
• Use marker to make the points for specified design. Use line of sight for calculation and according lay the rope. And then flatten the circle at appropriate points.
• For flatten there are mainly to ways; first to use light roller. Light roller allows high speed in flattening the area. Second is Plank Flattening.
• Continue flatten until you extract your design completely.

Important notes for making crop circles

1. Flatten the crop during dry period in order to avoid mixing of mud.
2. It is beneficial to melt some of the pieces of iron and drop them on the site or flattened area to crate the effect of ‘meteorite particles.

Thus making crop circle is against the law in United States so do not try on the land before taking illegal permission. Thus making crop circle could be interesting and fascinating but before taking permission from local government.

Crop circles are the designs that are created by flattening of crops like wheat, barley, canola, rye, corn, linseed and soy. Crop circle are geometric or abstract pattern formed by the flattening of crops thus crops broken at the base and are matted in a distinct pattern. Sometimes these crops are bent at node points and matted in a distinct pattern.

Scientific viewpoints regarding Crop Circles

1. In 1880, a scientist named J. Rand Capron, who was resident of Guildown near Guildford, Surrey, in the south of England, published a description of crop circles.  He was frequent correspondent to scholarly journals of that time. This article consists of information about the basic crop circles which were not artificial.
2. J. Rand Capron was a strictly objective witness, and his report of 120 years ago is reliable independent evidence published in a responsible scientific journal.  He also enclosed the sketch of several most perfect circles which was not published by journal.
3. During late 1970 and 1980, it was period of intense crop-circle studies, some groups of crop circles were discovered. These circles were having identical characteristics to those mentioned by Rand Capron.
4. During 20 century, a set of six small circles with their characteristics were discovered. First International Conference on the Circles Effect at Oxford 1990, published by Souvenir Press, London, 1991.
5. A person witnessed about the circle from South Wales brought to the attention of researchers in 1991 following a letter to the Sunday Mirror. This was on farmland at Cilycwm, 6 km from Llandovery, Dyfed. Mr. Williams had gone into the wheat field on harvesting day. When he was crossing the middle of the field, he heard the buzzing noise few meters away.  He noticed for few seconds a spinning mass of air with dust in it, so the wheat fell down producing a sharp-edged circle 3 to 4 meters in diameter. It was similar to other crop circle which he had seen earlier. It was completely flat-bottomed but earlier was somewhat in conical pyramid.

Simple crop circles are not hoaxes
Many Witnesses reports of whirling winds explained that whirling winds creates circular damage spots in fields.

Circles Effect Research Organization (CERES), stated that crop circles which are complicated are either hoaxes or experimental hoax-like creations. The teams of circle makers became more experienced at executing arrays of circles which were planned at length over winter.  Sometimes farmers had colluded with the circle makers to facilitate their efforts in the work of circle makers.

The views of scientist were completely different about the crop circles in ancient time than in modern time.

Cosmic dust is composed of tiny particles of even 0.1 mm in size. This cosmic dust is differentiated on the basics of their location as they are present in the space. Examples of cosmic dust intergalactic dust, interstellar dust, interplanetary dust, circumplanetary dust.

Earlier Cosmic dust had be irritating factor for Astronomers. They provide unclear vision for astronomers and they were unable to observe important objects. With the development of infrared astronomy, astronomers could easily observe the significant and essential components of outer space.

Features of Cosmic Dust

1. Interplanetary dust causes zodiacal light in our solar system and the sources of this light are comet dust, asteroid’s dust and Kuiper Belt’s dust. This light passes through the Earth.
2. Cosmic dust plays vital role in formation of planets and stars.
3. Cosmic dust plays important role in zodiacal light, Saturn’s B Ring spokes and outer spread rings of Uranus, Neptune, Saturn and Jupiter.
4. Cosmic dust provides deep dust ring for earth and comets.
5. Cosmic dust is formed by chemical process, physical and is developed cyclically.

Contents of Cosmic Dust

• Cosmic dust contains summative dust particles. The particles are stuffed and porous whereas some of the particles are hard.
• The size, composition and other properties of particles intensively depend on the location where they are found. Thus the compositional details could disclose the origin’s details of cosmic dust.
• Interplanetary dust is generally larger than any other cosmic dust particles.
• Astronomers noticed the presence of carbon dioxide, silicon carbide, amorphous silicate, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, water ice, and polyformaldehyde molecules in circumstellar dust.
• Cometary dust look like interstellar grains containing silicates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and water ice whereas asteroid dust looks a lot like carbonaceous chondritic meteorites.

Facts about cosmic dust
Measurements and annotations about cosmic dust at different regions provide the light on universe recycling processes. At many places astronomers thought it in its recycled form. Thus astronomers gathered the photographs shot dust at different stages of its life after regular interval of time and formed a movie out of them.

After detection of cosmic dust a scientific problem got solved which encoded photon-like object. When the dust particles was examined under the dust detector various parameter was determined about that particle. These parameters include particle’s initial motion, material properties, superseding plasma and magnetic field.

Thus cosmic dust is part of outer space and brought about many unknown facts of solar system with it.